Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis: A Comprehensive Guide

Understanding MS Treatments

While there is currently no cure for Multiple Sclerosis (MS), there are various treatments available to manage the condition. These treatments are broadly categorised into symptom control and disease-modifying therapies (DMTs).

Symptom Control

Symptom control focuses on alleviating specific symptoms of MS. Treatment options vary based on the symptoms presented:

Medication for Symptom Management

For symptoms such as spasms, medications like anti-spasmodics can be prescribed to reduce stiffness and pain in the limbs. For managing pain, we typically use drugs that interrupt nerve pathways, such as gabapentin or pregabalin, rather than standard painkillers like paracetamol.

Referral to Specialist Services

Depending on the symptoms, referrals may be made to:

• Physiotherapists for stiffness, mobility, and balance issues
• Speech and language therapists for swallowing difficulties

Managing Relapses

During an MS relapse, high-dose steroids may be administered either through an intravenous drip over three to five days or as oral tablets over five days. The choice of treatment depends on the severity of the relapse and patient preference. Steroids help speed up recovery from symptoms but do not alter the long-term progression of MS.

Disease-Modifying Therapies (DMTs)

Disease-modifying treatments aim to alter the course of MS by targeting inflammation and reducing the damage from relapses. These therapies can come in various forms, including injections, tablets, or intravenous infusions.

Choosing the Right Treatment

The choice of DMT depends on the severity of the MS and patient preferences. For example:

• Some patients may prefer injections
• Others may opt for oral tablets
• Some may choose infusions based on convenience and treatment efficacy

DMTs are typically offered to patients with relapsing-remitting MS who have experienced two relapses within a two-year period. It is important to discuss the available options and their implications with your neurologist.

Complementary Therapies and Self-Care

Many individuals with MS use complementary therapies such as acupuncture, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, or aromatherapy. While these therapies are a personal choice, they should complement rather than replace conventional treatments prescribed by your GP or neurologist.

Self-Care Recommendations

For effective self-care, consider the following:

• Diet: Adopt a healthy eating plan and aim to manage your weight, as this can positively impact mobility and overall MS management.
• Smoking: Cease smoking to slow MS progression.
• Exercise: Engage in regular physical activity, including stretching, swimming, or brisk walking. Start slowly and gradually increase intensity to improve stamina and reduce fatigue.
• Vitamin D: Discuss with your neurologist the appropriate dose of vitamin D supplements.

Personal Experience with MS Treatments

Currently, I am not on any treatment for secondary progressive MS as there are no effective options available for this stage. Previously, a disease-modifying treatment was very effective, but my neurologist now believes it is no longer suitable. I am considering further options and would recommend discussing any concerns or alternative treatments with your healthcare provider.